Athanasios Tachmintzis' Son, Articles F

Desirable behavior includes self-care, taking medication, work skills, and treatment participation. The original dopamine hypothesis stated that schizophrenia suffered from an excessive amount of dopamine. Once the patient has had several sessions (often between 5 and 20), they should be able to recognise the fact that their beliefs are not based on reality. This means that the brains of schizophrenics are lighter than normal. The aim in modern forms of this therapy is to reduce the stress in the family environment so preventing relapse. To educate relatives about schizophrenia. Bentalls meta-analysis (2012) shows that stress arising from abuse in childhood increases the risk of developing schizophrenia. Found that changes in behavior achieved through token economies do not remain when tokens are withdrawn, suggesting that such treatments address effects of schizophrenia rather than causes. Tarrier (2005) reviewed trials of CBT, finding evidence of reduced symptoms, especially positive ones, and lower relapse rates. Weak evidence for family based explanations, there is no evidence that supports the importance of double bind theory. Gottesman (1991) has found that schizophrenia is more common in the biological relatives of a schizophrenic, and that the closer the degree of genetic relatedness, the greater the risk. Cultural bias African Americans and those of Afro-carribean descent are more likely to be diagnosed than their white counterparts but diagnostic rates in Africa and the West Indies is low Western over diagnosis is a result of cultural norms and the diagnosis lacks validity. This raises practical and ethical issues when selecting different types of tretment. The family dysfunction explanation is an explanation that sees maladaptive relationships and patterns of communication as a source of stress which influences the development of schizophrenia It could be that the problems caused by low neurotransmitters creates the cognitive deficits. Token economies raise ethical issues. Second, cognitive biases are present when people notice, pay attention to, or remember certain types of information better than other. Education and rapport training: therapist and client work together to improve the effectiveness of the clients own coping strategies and develop new ones. However, those children from families schizophrenia were less likely to develop the illness if placed in a good family with kind relationships, empathy, security, etc. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter. Culture One of the biggest controversies in relation to classification and diagnosis is to do with cultural relativism and variations in diagnosis. [4 marks], a) this study is about differences between two conditions/groups so the Mann-Whitney is appropriate it is not about correlation/relationship between two variables so Spearman's is not appropriate. In more extreme cases the patient might be unable to cope with the pressures of having to discuss their ideas and feelings and could become stressed by the therapy, or over-fixated with the details of their illness. Falloon et al (1996) stress such as divorce or bereavement, causes the brain to be flooded with neurotransmitters which brings on the acute episode. Is it the cognitive deficits which causes the schizophrenic behavior or is the schizophrenia that causes the cognitive deficits? a) Explain why a Mann-Whitney test is an appropriate choice of statistical test in this situation and a Spearman's test is not. Support for family research, Tienari et al (1994) adoption study found . A second weakness of the neuroanatomical explanations is that it is biologically deterministic.